To this end, we welcome appropriate incentives, coupled with safeguards to sustain the effectiveness of new and existing antibiotics. Improving financial and access-related predictability for both Industry and health systems is required to ensure sustainable investment in new antibiotics and diagnostics.Furthermore, we call for governments, insurers, healthcare providers and other health system stewards to remove financial incentives for individuals (such as doctors, veterinarians and pharmacists) or institutions that reward the prescribing of antibiotics in greater volumes. ![]() To enable this, we call for improved reimbursement and use of advanced diagnostics. Enhanced integration of fast and accurate point-of-care and laboratory diagnostics with antibiotics to ensure appropriate use of antibiotics for the patients who need them.Implementation of the WHO’s Global Action Plan calling for comprehensive stewardship programmes and activities that enhance health system capability to use antibiotics appropriately.We support measures for the prevention of infection along with conservation and appropriate use of all antibiotics, including: We call for governments to commit funding and support the development and implementation of transformational commercial models that (a) enhance conservation of new and existing antibiotics, while (b) improving financial and access-related predictability for both industry and health systems. Creating a sustainable and predictable market.Therefore, we call on governments to commit to allocating the funds needed to create a sustainable and predictable market for these technologies while also implementing the measures needed to safeguard the effectiveness of antibiotics. We support the increasing recognition that the value assigned to antibiotics and diagnostics often does not reflect the benefits they bring to society, nor the investment required for their creation. We similarly welcome those steps already taken by key regulatory authorities around the world, such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), to enable antibiotic development in advance of widespread resistance, and we support a continuation of these efforts to ensure greater harmonisation of regulatory processes internationally. Leadership from other sectors is also required, and we welcome the initiative of the Review on AMR, as well as the attention of governments and politicians world-wide (including the recent G7 Berlin declaration), and the leadership of key international organisations (WHO, OIE, FAO, ECDC, US CDC), public funding bodies (NIH, BARDA, the European Commission, and IMI), and charitable foundations (Wellcome Trust, BMGF, and Pew Charitable Trusts)*, amongst others. ![]() The pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and diagnostics industries have an important role to play, and we are committed to doing our part. The challenges are clearly substantial and call for transformational changes from many stakeholders. We welcome the economic analysis of Jim O’Neill’s Review on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), which quantifies both the costs and investments needed. We will always need a supply of innovative new antibiotics all antibiotics need to be used cautiously to conserve their effects and, in many countries, we still need to improve access to existing antibiotics. This situation poses a unique set of challenges. ![]() The scientific difficulties are formidable and traditional R&D approaches have largely failed: companies, private and public funders have invested billions of dollars over the last 20 years to discover new antibacterials, yet no new class of antibiotic for Gram-negative infections has reached approval in over 40 years. This innovation gap has been examined extensively and is widely acknowledged to be the result of a combination of scientific as well as commercial barriers that have impeded antibiotic development over a number of years. There is a particular concern that antibiotics are losing effectiveness faster than they are being replaced by new, innovative drugs, including both antibiotics and alternative non-antibiotic approaches to treating and preventing infections. The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been dramatic, and combating this growth is a top priority for global policy and public health. They also play a crucial role in the health of animals. These precious medicines are often taken for granted and are not only necessary to treat life-threatening infections, but are also vital to underpin most common surgical procedures and many chronic treatments such as chemotherapy and HIV and transplant medicines. ![]() Antimicrobials, and specifically antibiotics, play a crucial role in modern medicine.
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